Post-harvest losses and their economic impact on yam farmers’ income systems in Wukari Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study examined the economic impact of post-harvest losses among yam farmers in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. The objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers, identify factors influencing post harvest losses, and assess their economic effects on farmers’ income. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed through descriptive statistics and multiple regression. Findings revealed that 83.6% of yam farmers were male, 50% were married, and the average age was 40 years. Household sizes ranged from 2 to 7 persons (57.8%), and 92.9% were literate. Farmers had an average of 17 years of experience, with 85.7% cultivating 1–2 hectares of land. The regression analysis showed an R² value of 0.99, indicating that the model explained 99% of the variation in post-harvest losses. Pest attack (p < 0.05), poor transportation (p < 0.01), and sprouting (p < 0.01) significantly contributed to post-harvest losses. Financial loss was the most reported economic impact, affecting 36.8% of respondents, suggesting that post-harvest losses directly reduced farmers' income through spoilage and unsold produce. The study concludes that pest attack, inadequate transportation, and sprouting are key contributors to yam post-harvest losses in the area. It recommends increased engagement with agricultural extension agents to introduce improved post-harvest technologies. Additionally, government and stakeholders should provide credit access, subsidized inputs, and infrastructure development to mitigate losses and improve farmers’ livelihoods.